Why not use the backup 2SV codes you were offered when setting up 2SV? Use these and you could have been in your account in a flash. Might be an idea to print them out in future (if we can get the account back) and store in a safe place, or use a 2SV dongle. https://goo.gl/Mg9oa5 https://goo.gl/rQxgYp
Otherwise:-
Navigate to https://accounts.google.com/signin/recovery (If account name is unknown, select "Find my account".) Follow the necessary steps. This process must be completed, and then wait for a response from Google. There is no other way to regain an account.
If possible, use the same location and same device that was successfully signed in from previously. This appears to help.
Answer the questions using the details the account was set up with. Take time with this form. Submit to Google.
Read this blog for help http://gmailaccountrecovery.blogspot.jp/
This post has an excellent overview of the procedure here, and why you may not succeed:- https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!category-topic/gmail/SzwFXkqLvr0 You should read it.
To determine account creation date (if needed and if possible) , see https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!category-topic/gmail/dTlr4KVRFIA
Google will not return any email account unless fully satisfied as to the ownership. If there is insufficient information available, account recovery may be impossible to achieve.
(If repeated recovery requests are sent without any new information, the account holder can be locked out as a "spammer", or the recovery may be delayed).
As an aside, documentation of any kind (including ID and government documents) cannot and will not be accepted, under any circumstances. These can easily be forged/stolen. and Google has no way of authenticating same.